In light of recent and current economic events, discuss the impact of Essay

In light of recent and current economic events, discuss the impact of changing market conditions on the behaviour of firms and consumers - Essay Example In particular, it seeks to illustrate how firms and consumers are affected by these changes in market conditions. The old rules in doing business are different from the rules that are applied in the recent times. In spite of intense competition in many industries, markets have become open to new entrants due to the lessening of barriers, which used to impede free trade in the once confined and protected markets (Wangwe, 1995). According to Albrecht & Sack (2000, p. 5), there are three major developments that have paved the way to the transformation of the business environment. These developments point out to technology, globalization, and power that is vested to some market investors, who hold the majority of the shares in large companies. Technology advancements resulted in a dramatic transformation of communication and culture. Technology has connected the seven continents, which has made transactions simpler and faster in the business environment. Information preparation and dissemination are now made economical by technology that diminished the traditional constraints of communication (Albrecht & Sack, 2000, p. 5). Globalization, on the one hand, enabled the consolidation of the different worldwide markets into one immense marketplace (Albrecht & Sack, 2000). The global market is dominated by big companies that give rise to globalization and fuel stiff competition.  The third development is connected with the two aforementioned developments. Powerful multinational companies are now considered powerful because of how they have conquered many industries due to their advanced technology and extensive participation in globalization. The graph above shows changing market conditions in three markets. Three hypothetical markets were pointed out in the graph. The rising of demand that results in the rising of price and quantity is shown in market A. The rising of supply that results in the rising of quantity and lowering of price is shown in market B.

The strategic international human resource management Essay Example for Free

The strategic international human resource management Essay In order to explore the role of strategic international Human Resource management in making multi-national organisations competitive, this assignment reflects the strategic international human resource management issues that the branch of the Vietnamese Pha Lai glass company has to face through human resource process: (Polycentric approach). Some introduction about Pha Lai glass manufactory Some introduction about Laos and PEST analysis Issues relating to Human resource process in Laos: + Forecasting labour demand and supply + Recruitment + Selection and placement + Training + Appraisal performance + Remuneration and benefit + Compensation + Occupational health and safety Issues relating to Vietnam expatriate managers : + Cross-culture suitability (Geert Hofstede (1984) in cross culture study) + Family requirement + Language + Host environment in Laos Some best examples for other Vietnamese organisations have success in operations in Vientiane, the capital of Laos. Introduction: In the new background, as Vietnam became an official member of international organisations such as Asean, Apec, Afta and along with the integration trend of Vietnamese economy into the Asean economy and the world economy, the business environment will be opened up with a lot of new factors, more opportunities accompany by more challenges. Therefore, competition becomes fiercer and fiercer. This situation requires Vietnamese enterprises have to a more long-term prospect as well as more effectiveness about their development. Engaging in international operations is one of the most suitable strategies that many Vietnamese organisations choose for their existence and development. The Pha Lai Glass company is one of the typical examples for that. The company has successful performed in the domestic market over the past five years, and now it is in the early stages of a feasibility study for expanding its manufacturing capacity, and as part of the strategic plan is considering establishing a plant in a foreign country, Laos, which is the neighbour country of Vietnam. The branch will be located in Vientiane, the capital of Laos. Some introduction about the Pha Lai Glass factory Pha Lai glass factory, one of Vietnamese famous manufactory, is in the early stages of a feasibility study for expanding its manufacturing capacity in a foreign country after success over the past five years. The factory is located on Pha Lai Town, Chi Linh District, Hai Hung province in Vietnam. The products of the manufactory include glass products. The initial capital is 6753 million Vietnam dongs; total revenue now is 9758 million Vietnam dongs. The total manufactorys labour is 587 people. Some introduction about Laos Lao is bordered to the north by the Peoples Republic of China (505 kilometers), to the south by Cambodia (435 kilometers), to the east by Vietnam (2,069 kilometers), to the northwest by Myanmar (236 kilometers), and to the west by Thailand (1,835 kilometers). Laos has a total area of 236,800 square kilometres, stretching a distance of approximately 1,000 kilometers form north to south. The Lao political system is run as a peoples democracy with the Lao Peoples Revolutionary Party at its head. The nations political policy can be simply stated as a democratic government empowered by the people to work for the people. The total population of the country is approximately 6 million people. Of the total number, 2965300 are male and 3034700 female. (Source: http://www.business-in-laos.com/laos.htm) PEST analysis An analysis of the new environment is important because it increases in the quality of the operation of the manufactorys branch in Laos by considering a range of relevant features well before making a suitable strategic decision. It is necessary to identify the threats that the branch have to face as well as the opportunities it can be get in the Laos invest environment by applying PEST analysis. Political/legal The Laos Government allows a great deal of flexibility, particularly welcomes foreign investors who wish to operate business in Laos. Laos is perfectly prepared for every type of investment, it is ready for development and, by its membership of ASEAN in July 1997, and it intends to participate with other countries in the development of the region to keep pace with the changing world. The branchs property and investments in Laos shall be protected by the laws and regulations of the Lao PDR. Such property and investment may not be requisitioned, confiscated or nationalized except for a public purpose and upon payment of prompt, adequate and effective compensation. Economic The countrys trading policy has varied from to period according to economic policy. Trade occurred with other socialist countries, that is, Viet Nam, Cambodia and the Soviet Union. Public enterprises began to play a role in foreign trade. With the advent of the policy of New Thinking, the nations economic development has steadily been liberalized and is moving towards a market economy. Due to the natural expansion of the economy, Lao achieved a high growth rate. Laos opened its doors to foreign investors, total investments from both the local and foreign investors was nearly US$ 8 million for total 636 projects. Socio-cultural Population and labour force According to Laoss statistics, the population of Laos is nearly 6 million in which the labour force represents 48% (approximately 2800000 people) of the total population of the country. That is considerable labour force for the development of the branchs human resource. The employment rate was slightly higher for male than for female, 52% and 48% respectively. The labour force is aged 10 years and above. It is an important issue that the branch must to be interest first because that is too young labour force. Health Life expectancy rate is appreciated about 51 years. Education and Literacy About 72% of men and 53% of women have access to education in Laos. Educational quantity has been increased. This advantage will lead the branch have a suitable human resource plan. Technological Economic development in Laos is aimed mainly at the development of its infrastructure. Another focus is on such unique opportunities as being an electricity-exporting centre for neighboring country, particularly Thailand and Vietnam. Thus, technological applications to help in the development of the country current tend to learn towards those areas of knowledge and management rather than more varied and complicated machinery. (Source: http://www.business-in-laos.com/laos.htm) After fulfilling PEST analysis in order to assess the investment opportunities in Laos, it is recognized obviously that this is potential investment environment for Pha Lai glass factory expanding the branch in this fully potential neighbour country. The Functional Organisation for the manufacturing branch in Laos includes as follows: One President One Vice President of Production One Vice President of Marketing One Vice President of Human Resources One Vice President of Finance Polycentric approach for the organisation structure The Organisation structure for the branch in Laos is applied the polycentric approach. It means: The President is from the PCNs, Vietnam. The Vice President of Production and the Vice President of Finance are also from Vietnam in order to assure that operations are supervised under PCNs policy. The Vice President of Marketing and Human Resource are HCNs (Laoss) because they are local people in Laos so they understand deeply about politics, economy, socio-culture and technology environment in Laos, they will achieve their mission better. 585 Laos employees (99% of total labour force of the branch). A polycentric staffing policy is one in which HCNs are recruited to manage subsidiaries in their own country and PCNs occupy positions at corporate headquarters (Dowling, Welch and Schuler, 1999). The branch does not recruit from TCNs. As a role of the president of the branchs operations in Laos, the International Human resource management model will be applied by Ralobbins and Coulters model (2003), p 283. Part 1: Issues to Vietnamese expatriate managers in Laos Selecting Managers The advantages and Disadvantages of using Parent-country Nationals Advantages * Organizational control and coordination is maintained and facilitated * Promising managers are given international experience * Vietnamese managers may be the best people for the job because of special skills and experiences. * There is assurance that subsidiary will comply with company objectives, policies, and so on Disadvantages * The promotional opportunities of Laos staff are limited * Adaptation to Laos staff may take a long time * Vietnamese managers may impose an inappropriate HQ style * Compensation for Vietnamese and Laos managers may differ Cross-culture Suitability According to Geert Hofstede (1984) in cross cultural study, there are four kinds of culture as follows: Power distance (PD) is the extent to which an unequal distribution of power is accepted by members of a society. Uncertainty avoidance (UA) is how much members of a society are threatened by uncertain and ambiguous situations. Individualism collectivism (I) is the tendency to take care of oneself and ones family versus the tendency to work together for the collective good. Masculinity-femininity (M) is the extent to which highly assertive masculine values predominate (acquisition of money at the expense of others) versus showing sensitivity and concern for others welfare. (source: Geert Hofstede (1984) cross cultural study) The cultural environment in which Vietnamese managers operate is an important factor in determining successful performance. Laos has some features of the uncertainty-avoidance culture that will be convenient for Vietnamese managers in Laos. Because Laos has a good traditional culture for long-time ago, and up to now, it is still kept and developed more brilliantly. A good cultural environment will assist Vietnamese managers avoid the culture sock as well as stress at work. Family Requirements The contribution that the family, particular the spouse, makes to the success of the international assignment is now well-documented. However, there are other issues that the planners needs to concern due to a spouse or partners difficulties with adapting to life in Laos as well as covering all of the Vietnamese expatriate familys living cost. Language The ability to speak a second language is an aspect often linked with crosscultural ability (Dowling, Welch and Schuler, 1999). Language skills may be regarded as of critical importance for managerial positions. Tung (1986) suggested knowledge of the host-countrys language is an important aspect of expatriate performance, regardless of the level of position. Differences in language are recognised as a major barrier to effective crosscultural communication. Thus, Vietnamese expatriate managers must be good speaking Laoss language people in order to perform operations of the branch effectively. Host Environment The environment in Laos also has an impact on Vietnamese expatriatess operation capability. According to Gregresen et all, nd, the international context with its differing societal, legal, economic, technical, and physical demands can be a major determinant of expatriate performance. However, the environment in Laos is likely to have positive impact on Vietnamese expatriate because Laos and Vietnam have had a good relationship for long time ago as well as have a certain neighbourhood. Part 2: issues relate to Laos human resource staff. The Human resource management process includes following steps: Step 1: Human resource planning Step 2: Recruitment Step 3: Selection and placement (identification, selection, and placement of competent employees) Step 4: Training Step 5: Performance appraisal Step 6: Remuneration and benefits Step 7: Compensation Step 8: Occupational health and safety Human resource planning After PEST analysis in the new investment environment, the branch needs to have an appropriate Human resource planning. Human resource planning includes forecasts of labour demand, forecasts of labour supply, forecasts of labour surplus or shortage, goal setting and strategic planning. The main advantages of a polycentric policy identified above, are: + Employing Laoss staff eliminates language barriers, avoids the adjustment problems of Vietnamese managers and their families, and removes the need for expensive cultural awareness training programs. + Employment of Laos allows the branch to take a lower profile in sensitive political situations. + Employment of Laos is less expensive than that of Vietnam, even if a premium is paid to attract high-quality applicants. + Employing Laoss employees gives continuity to the management of the branchs operation in Laos. This approach avoids the turnover of key managers that, by its very nature, results from an ethnocentric approach. Forecasting, on both the supply and demand sides were used by judgemental method. Forecasts of labour demand: Total labour force in the Pha Lai glass company is 587. So the labour demand at Vientiane will be similar to 587 including one Vietnamese President, two Vietnamese vice presidents of Production and Finance; two local vice directors of Marketing and Humance Resource and 582 local human resource employees. Forecasts of labour supply: The labour force in Laos is about 2800000 people that the percentage of men and women are 52% and 48%, respectively. Particularly Laos has the young labour force from 10 and above. This is an abundant, strong labour supply force for the project. Determining labour surplus or shortage: According to two forecasts of labour demand and supply, the labour force is surplus and this issue is determined, the branch can determine the next issue for potential problems. Goal setting and strategic planning The second step in human resource planning is goal setting and strategic planning. The goal directly comes from the analysis of labour supply and demand The labour force can be appreciated satisfactorily for the current and future of the branchs operation targets. Recruitment Recruitment is a complex process, generally defined as searching for, and obtaining, potential job candidates in sufficient numbers and quality, and at the right cost, for the branch to select the most appropriate people to fills its jobs. The questions for recruitment process will be as follows: + How many people does the branch need? + Where can the branch recruit? + Who are sufficient for jobs? For these issues, the responses will be: According to determining labour demand, the branch needs 582 workers within sufficient skills, competence and knowledge for it targets and goals. * Methods for recruitment can be either internal methods such as posting skills, inventory or external methods such as radio, television, newspaper, trade journals, computerised services and so on. * Sources for recruitment can be external sources such as referrals, walk-ins, agencies, schools, CES, trade unions. Selection and placement Selection is the process of gathering legally defensible information about job applicants in order to determine who should be hired for long or short-term positions. Interviews and test are applied for selection process. This includes questions about the following: * Age, sex, religion and national origin * Number of children and who will care for them * Height and weight, unless job related * Marital status * Conviction record unless strongly related to job * Credit status * Relatives and friends working for the employer. At the end of selection, every potential candidate is identified and placed their appropriate positions. Training Only by examining the skills and competence for a job (as defined in manufacturing glass, for example), managers can identify training requirements and select the training programs that be based on job-related criteria (Holton and Bailey 1995; Hong and Lin 1995; Piskurich 1994). Required skills and competence will be transferred from Vietnamese major manufactory to Laoss staff in order to adapt business operation requirement in Laos. Performance appraisal Although Laos employees may learn about how well they are performing through informal means, such as co-workers telling them what a great job they are doing or their supervisors giving them an occasional pat on the back. Performance appraisal will be defined here as a formal, structured system of measuring, evaluating and influencing an employees job-related attributes, behaviours and outcomes to discover at what level she or he is going to perform in his or her job: That is, how productive he or she is and whether he or she can perform more effectively in the future. It is a dynamic and multidimensional process (Latham and Wexley 1981; Carroll and Schneier 1982). Remuneration and benefits Another important issue is to motivate employees and the way which is used to motivate employees to perform more effectively is based on distribution salaries and benefits. For the growth and development of the branch, Laos employees need to express satisfaction with their salary and benefits. Compensation All Laos employees in the branch must be covered by workers compensation insurance by compensation policies of the branch. The insurance provides a scale of benefits for employees who are injured at work or who incur a work-related illness. The aim of the legislation is to maintain employees income and employment benefits for the period that the employees is unable to perform his or her usual work Occupational health and safety One of important issue is occupational health and safety for labours force. If the branch can reduce the rates and severity of its occupational accidents, diseases, and work-related stress levels and improve the quality of work life for its employees, it can become more effective. Line directors must have a large responsibility in ensuring that program intervention is implemented, demonstrated to Laoss workers that occupational health and safety objectives are supported at all levels. Conclusion The ability to manage Human resources on an international basis is one of the first important issues that any manufactory must assess before expanding its operations abroad. With fully detailed analysis about the opportunities as well as the challenges that the branch will have to face in Laos, I, as a role of the Human resource manager in the factory, believe that applying International human resource management strategy above can help the branch of Pha Lai glass factory have many prospects for further sustainable development in Laos as well as in other countries in the future. Current examples of best practices suitable to the company There are many Vietnamese enterprise have operations successfully in Laos, some examples below are the most obviously detailed evidences that are realistic and feasible to illustrate. Dien Quang Lamp Company had already set up a distributorship and agency in Vientiane. Now it was looking to expand. Dien Quang products are exported to 18 countries all over the world, including in Asia and the Middle East. In 2002, we aimed at breaking into the Lao market and this year, we had an advertising plan to take our trade name to Lao consumers Mr Phan Ngoc Huy, Assistant General Director of Dien Quang Lamp Company said. Mr Dam Van Hong, from the Sales and Marketing Department of Saigon Plastic Company said the company was planning to build a factory in Laos. Our factory will be located at Km 7 and will be 4,000 sq m in Area. The Vietnam trade representative office in Laos said almost all the Vietnamese business that joined the That Luang Trade Fair on this occasion met their targets to penetrate the local market, to find partners to establish agencies or become distributors and to introduce high quality products to the Laos consumer. (Source: http://www.mot.gov.vn/Laowebsite/News.asp?id=65kind=1) References Books 1. Dowling Peter J, Welch Denice, Schuler Randall S, P 1999, International Human Resource Management Managing People in a Multinational Context, third edition. 2. Brewster Chris and Harris Hilary, P. 2000, International Human Resource Management Contemporary issues in Europe, second edition. 3. Kramar Robin, Mcgraw Peter and Schuler Randall, P. 1998, Human resource Management in Australia, third edition. 4. Sisson Keith and Storey Storey, P. 2001, The realities of Human resource Management Managing the Employment Relationship. 5. Geert Hofstede, P. 1984, Cross Cultural Study 116000 employees 40 countries. 6. Stoner James A.F, R. Edward Freeman, Gilbert Daniel R, Jr, P. 2000, Management, sixth edition. Webs 1. http://www.thuonghieuviet.com.vn/index 2. http://www.business-in-laos.com/laos.htm 3. http://www.hanover.park.org/Thailand/MoreAboutAisa/vninfo/companies/cty2451.html 4. http://www.mot.gov.vn/Laowebsite/News.asp?id=65kind=1 Bibliography Books 1. Dowling Peter J, Welch Denice E and Schuler Randall S, P. 1999, International Human Resource Management Management People in a Multinational Context, third edition. 2. Sisson Keith, Storey John, P. 2001, The realities of Human Resource Management Managing the Employment Relationship, second edition. 3. Brewster Chris and Harris Hilary, P. 2000, International Human Resource Management Contemporary issues in Europe. 4. Lewis Pamela S, Goodman Stephen H and Fandt Patricia M, P. 2001, Management: Challenges in the 21st century, third edition. 5. Kramar Robin, Graw Peter Mc and Schuler Randall S, P. 1998, Human Resource Management in Australia. 6. Robbins Stephen P and Coulter Mary, P. 2004, Management, eighth edition, Pearson, Prentice Hall. 7. Geert Hofstede, P. 1984, Cross Cultural Study 116000 employees 40 countries. 8. Stoner James A.F, R. Edward Freeman, Gilbert Daniel R, Jr, P. 2000, Management, sixth edition. Webs 1. http://www.handover.park.org/Thailand/MoreAboutAsia/vninfo/companies/cty2451.html 2. http://www.drc.com.vn/index.php 3. http://www.business-in-laos.com/laos.htm 4. http://www.thuonghieuviet.com.vn/index 5. http://www.bitis_vn.com/ 6. http://userwww.sfsu.edu/~jnichols/clas-618.htm 7. http://www.mot.gov.vn/Laowebsite/News.asp?id=65kind=1 8. http://www.ilir.uiuc.edu/courses/Non-current/lir490b/Lectures/6_IntroToCulture/Sld010.htm

The Dynamic and Ever-changing Hansel and Gretel Essay -- Exploratory E

The Dynamic and Ever-changing Hansel and Gretel Most fairy-tale aficionados have a static view of their favorite stories. That is, indeed, part of the glory which these tales hold†¦the fact that they are timeless, forever remaining fond memories of unforgettable stories that had been repeated to them from a young age. In both the oral and written traditions, these stories perpetuated themselves and became fixtures upon the cultures of which they have taken hold. For most people, the idea of these classics ever having been different not only seems odd, but also shakes the foundations of their childhood memories. However, stories are dynamic and ever-changing. What a follower of the aforementioned school-of-though fails to think about is why these stories would have been changed. Sometimes fairy tales change because the person recalling the story has a bad memory, while other times they are deliberately altered by a rewriter. Often times with rewrites, the story is changed so that it is relevant to both the modern times and the life history of the new author. Hansel and Gretel, the classic German fairy tale, is certainly no exception to this trend of changing fairy tales. One of the most famous written versions of Hansel and Gretel (although not the original) is from the early 19th century. This edition was written by Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm, the German fairy-tale-writing duo more commonly known as â€Å"Brothers Grimm† (Ashliman). The story is about a young boy and girl, brother and sister, named Hansel and Gretel respectively. They lived at the edge of a great forest under the supervision of their father (a poor woodcutter) and their stepmother. The family was very poor and running low on food†¦soo... ... by a common plot, slight changes changed the entire idea the story was trying to portray. The two different versions created two different images in the minds of readers/opera fans. Hansel and Gretel, like many other tales, has evolved and changed over time. Whether for reasons rooted in principle or simply out of practicality, fairy tales such as Hansel and Gretel will be changed by new writers or orators. This, however, in no way detracts from their timelessness. Works Cited Ashliman, D.L. Grimm Brothers’ Home Page. 02 Sep. 2002. University of Pittsburgh Website. 21 Jan. 2004. . Brothers Grimm. â€Å"Hansel and Gretel.† The Classic Fairy Tales. Ed. Maria Tatar. New York: W.W. Norton, 1999. 179-90. Engelbert Humperdinck. n.d. First Coast Opera. 21 Jan. 2004 .

Ego and Super Ego in Dante’s Inferno

Catherine Craven GHUM200, Tu/Th 12:25 October 23rd, 2012 Compare the relationship between Virgil and Dante in Inferno with Sigmund Freud’s discussion of the conscience or super-ego in Civilization and Its Discontents. How does Freud explain and characterize the relationship between super-ego and ego in the individual? Cite examples of the interaction between Virgil and Dante and compare closely with Freud’s discussion of the psychical agencies, super-ego and ego: To what extent does the dynamic between Virgil and Dante illustrate the same pattern or features? Freud meets Dante: Ego and Super-Ego in InfernoIn his book Civilization and Its Discontents, Sigmund Freud offers an explanation for why, as individuals, we tend to punish ourselves with guilt, often times in response to menial things. This explanation has led to the ideas of the ego, and the super-ego. According to Freud, one is responsible for our actions and how the world views us, while the other acts as a â₠¬Å"watchdog,† or an authority, in times of wrongdoing. An example of these two concepts is the relationship shared between the characters Dante and Virgil throughout Dante’s poem, The Divine Comedy Volume 1: Inferno.This relationship consists of an authoritative guide and a sinful follower, and therefore Dante and Virgil represent the relationship between the ego and the super-ego. In Civilization and Its Discontents, Sigmund Freud asserts that one of the primary and most important functions of a civilized society is to control the individual’s natural impulses towards aggressive behavior. These impulses, according to Freud, are caused by the ego, which is the element within an individual that is responsible for their actions, decisions, ideas, rationalizations, and logical thought.Therefore, the ego thinks things through, and eventually comes to decisions and actions, regardless of whether or not the things decided upon or thought about are deemed as â€Å"badà ¢â‚¬  by society. Furthermore, the ego seeks to avoid any kind of pain or suffering, and instead seeks out ways to gain personal happiness. However, According to Freud, the super-ego exists as a way to level out the ego, and, in a way, keep it in check. Therefore, the super-ego is responsible for an individual’s conscience, or, their ability to feel guilt.Freud continues his explanation of these concepts by asserting the idea that the super-ego calls our attention to our own failures and misconducts, and attempts to assist us in learning from them in order to avoid making similar mistakes in the future. Furthermore, the conscience is the form in which the super-ego controls our actions and thoughts, and creates guilt within us. Therefore, the ego is the decision-making, acting part of an individual, while the super-ego acts as the ego’s voice of authority and control (Freud).Moreover, the relationship between the characters of Dante and Virgil in Dante’s Infern o stands as an excellent example of the relationship between the ego and the super-ego. In the opening of the poem, the character of Dante finds himself lost in a place he does not know, surrounded by terrifying beasts. In this dark moment, Virgil, a ghost from an earlier time, comes forwards and reveals to Dante that, because sin has obstructed his path to God, he must journey through hell and purgatory in order to return to life, as he once knew it. This journey, according to Virgil, would allow Dante to overcome his sin and, at last, find God’s love.However, Dante does not believe he can complete the journey alone, at which point Virgil assures Dante that he will guide him throughout the entire voyage. Virgil takes on the role of Dante’s guide very naturally, and starts him on his trip through hell. Throughout the journey, Virgil makes sure that Dante is witness to the all of the horrible punishments that evil receives in hell, and what will be his fate if he does n ot return to the path of God. However, Virgil does not only physically guide Dante through the circles of hell, but also reinforces the moral lessons that he must learn from all of the things he sees.Furthermore, Virgil acts as a protector over Dante, keeping him safe from evil creatures, such as demons and monsters, although he does allow Dante to make decisions and learn lessons the hard way often. Furthermore, the relationship between Dante and Virgil can easily be compared, and made almost parallel to the relationship between the ego and the super-ego. Without a doubt, the ego in this situation is Dante. This can be seen in the way that Dante’s actions before his journey led him to stray from his path to God. As the ego, Dante’s sinful thoughts eventually led to sinful actions, which in turn led to Virgil’s intervention.Also, Dante chooses to complete the journey through hell because he wants more than anything to rid himself of his sins and start over with God’s love. This embodies the ego because it seeks out happiness, and attempts to avoid any kind of suffering. Moreover, Virgil represents the super-ego, and fully epitomizes the â€Å"watchdog† label that Freud gave to the term. For instance, the super-ego forces the ego to recognize failures, which causes guilt. In turn, the ego is given a better understanding of what it has done wrong, and is more easily able to correct fault.Virgil plays this role in the way that he confronts Dante about the sinful life he has led, and then takes him through hell, thus allowing him to see what he may become, and motivate change within him. Another example of the two characters representing the ego and super-ego is the way that Dante sympathizes with some of the sinners in hell, and Virgil’s reaction to it. As Dante interacts with the sinners and shows them compassion, Virgil does not stop him. However, Virgil is extremely impatient with Dante, and even more disapproving towa rds him.In these situations, Virgil plays the part of the super-ego by allowing Dante to make his own decisions and act on them, while simultaneously trying to moralize him by causing incredibly guilt. Eventually, Virgil’s actions work in his favor, and Dante realizes that he is not helping the sinners, but merely wasting his pity on them. This is a perfect example of the super-ego using guilt to force changes it feels are necessary on the ego. In conclusion, Freud’s ego and super-ego are clearly embodied by the characters of Dante and Virgil in Dante’s Inferno.The character of Dante begins the story as a sinful man who is not only in need of guidance, but that also very much desires to find God’s love and create a happier life for himself. The character Virgil then seeks him out in order to help and guide Dante through a journey of moral lessons and reality checks, using the power of conscience and guilt, as opposed to force. Therefore, the relationship between the ego and the super-ego is clearly illustrated in the relationship and journey of the characters Dante and Virgil in The Divine Comedy Volume 1: Inferno.

Language of Politics Essay

Webster’s Encyclopedia defined language, from Latin lingua, â€Å"tongue†, as basically the mode by which humans express themselves vocally and communicate with others. It is the expression and communication of emotions or ideas between human beings by means of speech and hearing, the sounds spoken or heard being systematized and confirmed by usage among a given people over a period of time.[1] The art of using language in such a way that meaning is either limited or produces a new connotation, have only one purpose, that is, to manipulate people in believing other concepts or meanings so that people will not put into bad light or decipher correctly previous actions that have adverse effects to the environment, to people or to the society. Some people believe that our civilization is degenerating and becoming more immoral as time passes us by and that our own language must inevitably share in the general collapse. As the environment continued to be destroyed by our reprehensible actions, surely the abuse of language is also one of the characteristics of a decaying society. Ultimately, the decline of language will have to be traced to its political and economic causes. Language becomes ugly and inaccurate mainly because our own thoughts have become dull and foolish and frivolous. Manipulation of language to cover certain ugly deeds or to paint rosy pictures so as to maintain people support and economic stability is fast becoming the norm in today’s everyday communication. In George Orwell’s †Politics and the English Language†, two qualities that emerged among the five specimens of the English language as it is habitually written are (1) the staleness of imagery; and (2) the lack of precision. He explained that the writer must have a meaning and yet, cannot express it properly or expresses it in such a way that it gives a whole new connotation. The writer might be indifferent to what he is saying and doesn’t care if he is understood at all. Orwell said that this combination of vagueness ad sheer incompetence is one that is most unmistakably marked in terms of characteristics of modern English prose and of any kind of political writing. As soon as topics for discussion are raised, the concrete become abstract and no one seems able to think and speak words that is not hackneyed or trite. Orwell enumerated four tricks by which prose construction is habitually evaded: (1) Dying metaphors – assists thought by evoking a visual image but also a metaphor that is technically â€Å"dead† (e.g., iron resolution) has in effect, reverted to being an ordinary word and can be used without loss of vividness, metaphors that are usually used to save people from inventing new words (e.g., toe the line, stand shoulder to shoulder with, play into the hands of, etc.); (2) Operators or verbal false limbs – saves the trouble of choosing appropriate verbs and nouns and at the same time, pad each sentence with extra syllables that gives it an appearance of symmetry (i.e., render inoperative, militate against, serve the purpose of, etc.); (3) Pretentious diction – words like phenomenon, element, individual, objective, categorical, liquidate, etc. are used to dress up simple statements and give an air of scientific impartiality to biased judgments. Adjectives such as epoch-making, epic, historic, unforgettable, inevitable, etc. are words used to dignify the sordid process of international politics; and (4) Meaningless words – words and passages that are almost lacking in meaning are used (e.g., romantic, plastic, values, human, sentimental, natural, vitality, etc. are usually used in art and literary criticism.[2] Orwell provided a clear and detailed explanation as to the means by which people can destroy the usage of language through the four tricks that was enumerated above. Language can be made lively and interesting, and it can be used with malice and intention to cloud people’s perception of things and events that may be detrimental to some individuals, groups or organizations. What is language of politics? It is basically a term used to describe political or social consequences of linguistic differences between people, or on certain occasion, the political consequences of the way a language is spoken and what words are used.[3] Language, based on early definition, can be a speech of a particular nation or any means of passing on one’s thoughts or feelings to others. It is like a person such that over time, it grows and develops, changes as society changes. Often, society (particularly those in politics) uses language or words as weapons. It is used to make someone feel inferior or to hide something that will be detrimental to someone’s wellbeing. Language basically defines who we were, what we are and where we are going (direction). With its power to devastate and its power to influence, language continually evolves and changes, as the society and the environment changes.[4] For politicians, language is indeed a weapon. Creative and apt usage may cause â€Å"death† on political issues or aspirations. It may be used to cover devious acts and horrendous mistakes so that the citizenry will be clueless. Nowadays, an entire art of using language to manipulate citizens’ knowledge and inputs regarding politics has developed. Language is oftentimes used to hide mistakes or to cloud the people’s better judgment. By using misleading language like jargon, confusing syntax and hypersensitivity to very narrow definitions, politicians are able to make people believe in lies or make them act in such a way that will be greatly beneficial to the political position of a candidate. One example of this is when then Secretary of State, Alexander Haig (1981) manipulated words because he was to explain to Congress why a group of Salvadoran soldiers trained and equipped by the United States had brutally raped and killed four American nuns. Haid used every language trick imaginable to suggest that the nuns actually got involved in an â€Å"exchange of fire† with the soldiers such that the image of nuns fighting with soldiers almost obliterated the fact that a crime was committed against the nuns. This is an example of how language can be manipulated to suit the needs of the politicians.[5] Politicians also mislead its citizenry by using jargon. Jargon refers to the confusing labels that are often attached to things. This is used so that those who are knowledgeable will know precisely what is being referred to. To use it with dishonesty and deceitfulness in mind, jargon is oftentimes used to confuse people with very formal sounding language. One example of this is when a doctor tells a patient that she has â€Å"sever abdominal distension†, encouraging the patient to spend more for her hospitalization, little knowing that it just means she is experiencing â€Å"cramps†. This is oftentimes utilized during wartimes (e.g. during the Gulf War) by politicians to report about â€Å"targets being serviced† which only meant that something possible containing people in it was destroyed. William Lutz, in his book titled Doublespeak, gave another example on the usage of jargon to mislead people. He cited a US$2,043 dollar â€Å"hexaform rotatable surface compression unit†, which â€Å"suffered dramatically degraded useful operational life† when it â€Å"underwent catastrophic stress-related shaft detachment†. Upon hearing this, people will naturally think that the government should be more careful in buying such units when in actuality, it only meant a nut that has a value that is much too costly for comfort.[6] Another way of deceiving the people is when politicians use confusing syntax. Syntax basically refers to grammar and certain grammatical structures can be used to misinform and mislead people. One mistake that was covered up by using syntax was the aborted hostage rescue effort in Iran during the hostage crisis of the 1970’s. The presidential spokesman dispatched to â€Å"inform† the public of the circumstances explained that something had happened, but nothing really happened, there were or were not casualties and the US may or may not have been involved. Lutz came up with another example wherein it shows that politicians try to avoid being pinpointed as the author of bills that invariably raise taxes. Draft tax laws like â€Å"in the case of a partnership with a taxable year beginning 1 May 1986, if such partnership realized net capital gain during the period beginning†¦then such partnership may elect to treat each asset—as having been distributed to the partners†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The readers simply lose track of what is being discussed and are left with no choice but to just accept what is being reported.[7] By using very narrow definitions, politicians are able to effectively deceive people. A politician may apply a rarely used definition to mislead or use a term in its strictest sense while everyone else assumed that the more far-ranging definition applied. One example of this is when President Bill Clinton explained that â€Å"there is no sexual relationship†. Americans assumed that his â€Å"is† also referred to the past and that there has never been any sexual relationship when in fact, he meant that literally at that moment, there was no sexual relationship. Another example is when a plane crashed due to a propeller that fell off and was explained in an FAA report as a case of â€Å"uncontained blade liberation†. The horrible effect of incompetence is thus hidden in a term of â€Å"blade liberation†, misleading people to think that nothing untoward happened. Politicians have so much power when they use language in misinformation and deceit. People will just have to be constantly aware when they are being given jargons, syntax and very narrow definitions that are confusing and vague, making them robots that are programmed to accept and believe according to the whims of those who are in the position of power. References Anderson-Krome, Christopher W. What is Language? Retrieved 30 May 2007 from http://www.sebsteph.com/Professional/Bart’s%20class/Rankenfall99/candersonkrome.html. Language. Webster’s International Dictionary. 1998. Trident Press International, Florida USA. p716. Language politics. Retrieved 30 May 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/language_politics. Orwell, George. Politics and the English Language. 1946. Retrieved 30 May 2007 from http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/orwell46.html. Sample Essay. The COC Guide to Writing: Online Edition. Retrieved 30 May 2007 from http://www.coc.cc.ca.us/departments/ENGLISH/Guide/wizard1_200-599/500-599/517b.html. [1] Language. Webster’s International Dictionary. 1998. Trident Press International, Florida USA. P716. [2] Orwell, George. Politics and the English Language. 1946. Retrieved 30 May 2007 from http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/orwell46.html. [3] Language politics. Retrieved 30 May 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/language_politics. [4] Anderson-Krome, Christopher W. What is Language? Retrieved 30 May 2007 from http://www.sebsteph.com/Professional/Bart’s%20class/Rankenfall99/candersonkrome.html. [5] Sample Essay. The COC Guide to Writing: Online Edition. Retrieved 30 May 2007 from http://www.coc.cc.ca.us/departments/ENGLISH/Guide/wizard1_200-599/500-599/517b.html. [6] Sample Essay. Ibid. [7] Ibid.

5 Great Healthcare Jobs That Dont Need a Degree

5 Great Healthcare Jobs That Dont Need a Degree for some people, spending years (and many thousands of dollars) in school to become a doctor or a nurse is a great option. but that isn’t the only way to find a rewarding job in healthcare. there are plenty of job opportunities across the industry for people who don’t have a bachelor’s degree. here are five of the most lucrative occupations for healthcare professionals who took a different route into this ever-growing industry.1. ultrasound technicianultrasound techs operate important diagnostic equipment in hospitals and outpatient facilities. we’re all familiar with the image of a technician presenting soon-to-be parents  with a sonogram image of their baby (and identifying which black-and-white smudge on the screen is junior), but the role is actually much broader: helping doctors to diagnose and treat a variety of conditions. it’s pretty lucrative, too: the median salary is $66,410, with the field growing at a breakneck pace of 46% by 2022.2. occupational health and safety technicianthese occupational techs aren’t necessarily involved in patient care, but rather evaluating health and safety risks in places like offices and public areas. you may not see them, but they serve a very important public health need and perform tests and analysis to make sure we’re all safer in our workplaces. the median salary is $44,470, with average growth of 11% by 2022.3. licensed practical nurse (lpn)/licensed vocational nurse (lvn)lpns and lvns provide crucial nursing support to registered nurses and doctors. these roles typically require a training program, but not a four-year degree (as is the case for most registered nurses). lpns and lvns can also be found in a large range of environments, from hospitals to home care to eldercare facilities, opening many opportunities.the median salary is $41,450, with speedy growth of 25% expected by 2022.4. surgical technologistsurgical technologists perform an essential non-doctor fun ction in operating rooms: setting up equipment, making sure all necessary elements are in place, and assisting or doctors and nurses during procedures. with a median salary of $41,000 and growth of 30% expected, this field is a great bet for the future if you have incredible attention to detail and aren’t squeamish!5. dispensing opticiando you have a knack for knowing when glasses just look right on someone’s face? this field might be for you. dispensing opticians take glasses and contact lenses prescribed by an ophthalmologist and work with the patients to ensure proper fit and arrange follow up care. with a median salary of $33,330 and 23% growth predicted (thanks to all of us staring at small screens 24 hours a day), this is a patient care area you might not realize is under the healthcare career umbrella.it’s worth noting here that many (if not all) of these jobs may require special licensing or training programs, depending on your state’s rules. youà ¢â‚¬â„¢ll want to do some research legwork before committing to any of these paths- but these occupations are a great way to get your foot in the door in one of the fastest-growing industries in the country.

Definition and Examples of Language Varieties

Definition and Examples of Language Varieties In  sociolinguistics, language variety- also called  lect- is a general term for any distinctive form of a language or linguistic expression. Linguists commonly use language variety (or simply variety) as a cover term for any of the overlapping subcategories of a language, including dialect,  register,  jargon, and  idiolect. Background To understand the meaning of language varieties, its important to consider how lects differ from  standard English. Even what constitutes standard English is a topic of hot debate among linguists. Standard English  is a  controversial term  for a form of the English language that is written and spoken by educated users.  For some linguists, standard English is a synonym for  good  or  correct  English  usage. Others use the term to refer to a specific geographical  dialect  of English or a dialect favored by the most powerful and prestigious social group. Varieties of language develop for a number of reasons: differences can come about for geographical reasons; people who live in different geographic areas often develop distinct dialects- variations of standard English. Those who belong to a specific group, often academic or professional, tend to adopt jargon that is known to and understood by only members of that select group. Even individuals develop idiolects, their own specific ways of speaking. Dialect The word  dialect- which contains lect within the term- derives from the Greek words  dia- meaning   across, between and  legein  speak.  A  dialect  is a regional or social  variety  of a  language  distinguished by pronunciation,  grammar, and/or  vocabulary. The term  dialect  is often used to characterize a way of speaking that differs from the  standard  variety of the language. Sarah Thomason of the  Linguistic Society of America  notes: All dialects start with the same system, and their partly independent histories leave different parts of the parent system intact. This gives rise to some of the most persistent myths about language, such as the claim that the people of Appalachia speak pure Elizabethan English. Certain dialects have gained negative connotations in the U.S. as well as in other countries. Indeed, the term  dialect  prejudice  refers to discrimination based on a persons  dialect  or way of  speaking.  Dialect prejudice is a type of  linguicism- discrimination based on dialect. In their article Applied Social Dialectology, published in Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of  Language and Society, Carolyn Temple and Donna Christian observe: ...dialect prejudice is  endemic in public life, widely tolerated, and institutionalized in social enterprises that affect almost everyone, such as education and the media. There is limited knowledge about and little regard for    linguistic  study showing that all varieties of a language display systematicity and that the   elevated  social position of standard varieties has no scientific linguistic basis. Due to this kind of dialectic prejudice, Suzanne Romaine, in Language in Society, notes: Many linguists now prefer the term  variety  or  lect  to avoid the sometimes  pejorative  connotations that the term dialect has. Register Register is defined as the  way a speaker uses language differently in different circumstances. Think about the words you choose, your tone of voice, even your body language. You probably behave very differently chatting with a friend than you would at a formal dinner party or during a job interview. These variations in formality,  also called stylistic variation, are known as registers in linguistics. They are determined by such factors as social occasion,  context,  purpose, and  audience. Registers are marked by a variety of specialized vocabulary and turns of phrases, colloquialisms, the use of  jargon, and a difference in intonation and pace. Registers are used in all forms of communication, including written, spoken, and signed. Depending on grammar, syntax, and tone, the register may be extremely rigid or very intimate. You dont even need to use an actual word to communicate effectively. A huff of exasperation during a debate or a grin while signing hello speaks volumes. Jargon Jargon  refers to the specialized  language  of a professional or occupational group. Such language is often meaningless to outsiders. American poet  David Lehman  has described jargon as the verbal sleight of hand that makes the old hat seem newly fashionable; it gives an air of novelty and specious profundity to ideas that, if stated directly, would seem superficial, stale, frivolous, or false. George Packer describes jargon in a similar vein in a 2016 article in the New Yorker magazine: â€Å"Professional jargon- on Wall Street, in humanities departments, in government offices- can be a fence raised to keep out the uninitiated and permit those within it to persist in the belief that what they do is too hard, too complex, to be questioned. Jargon acts not only to   euphemize  but to license, setting insiders against outsiders and giving the flimsiest notions a scientific aura.†Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ Pam Fitzpatrick, a senior research director at Gartner, a Stamford, Connecticut-based research and advisory firm specializing in high tech, writing on  LinkedIn,  puts it more bluntly: Jargon is waste. Wasted breath, wasted energy. It absorbs time and space but does nothing to further our goal of persuading people to help us solve complex problems. In other words, jargon is a faux method of creating a sort of dialect that only those on this inside group can understand. Jargon has social implications similar to dialect  prejudice but in reverse: It is a way of making those who understand this particular variety of language more erudite and learned; those who are members of the group that understands the particular jargon are considered smart, while those on the outside are simply not bright enough to comprehend this kind of language. Types of Lects In addition to the distinctions discussed previously, different types of lects also echo the types of language varieties: Regional dialect: A variety spoken in a particular region.Sociolect: Also known as a  social dialect, a  variety of language  (or register) used by a socioeconomic class, a profession, an age group, or any  other social group.Ethnolect: A lect spoken by a specific ethnic group. For example, Ebonics, the vernacular  spoken by  some African-Americans, is a type of ethnolect, notes  e2f,  a language-translation firm.Idiolect:  According to e2f, the language  or languages spoken by each individual. For example, if you are multilingual and can speak in different registers and styles, your idiolect comprises several languages, each with multiple registers and styles. In the end, language varieties come down to judgments, often illogical, that are, according to Edward Finegan in Language: Its Structure and Use: ...imported from outside the realm of language and represent attitudes to particular varieties or to forms of expression within particular varieties. The language varieties, or lects, that people speak often serve as the basis for judgment, and even exclusion, from certain social groups, professions, and business organizations. As you study language varieties, keep in mind that they are often based on judgments one group is making in regard to another.

The Study of Suicide by Emile Durkheim

The Study of Suicide by Emile Durkheim Le Suicide  by founding sociologist Émile Durkheim is a classic text in sociology that is widely taught to psychology students. Published in 1897, the book was the first to present a sociological study of suicide, and its conclusion that suicide can have origins in social causes rather than just being due to individual temperament, was groundbreaking at the time. Key Takeaways: Social Integration and Suicide Durkheim concluded that the more socially integrate and connected a person is, the less likely he or she is to commit suicide. As social integration decreases, people are more likely to commit suicide. Overview of Durkheim's Text Suicide offers an examination of how suicide rates at the time differed by religion. Specifically, Durkheim analyzed differences between Protestants and Catholics. He found a lower rate of suicide among Catholics and theorized that this was due to stronger forms of social control and cohesion among them than among Protestants. Demographics of Suicide: Study Findings Additionally, Durkheim found that suicide was less common among women than men, more common among single people than among those who are romantically partnered, and less common among those who have children. Further, he found that soldiers commit suicide more often than civilians and that curiously, rates of suicide are higher during peacetime than they are during wars. Correlation vs. Causation: Suicides Driving Forces Based on his gleanings from data, Durkheim argued that suicide can be a result not only of psychological or emotional factors but of social factors as well. Durkheim reasoned that social integration, in particular, is a factor. The more socially integrated a person is- connected to society, possessing of a feeling of general belonging and a sense that life makes sense within the social context- the less likely he or she is to commit suicide. As social integration decreases, people are more likely to commit suicide. Durkheims Typology of Suicide Durkheim developed a theoretical typology of suicide to explain the differing effects of social factors and how they might lead to suicide: Anomic suicide is an extreme response by a person who experiences anomie,  a sense of disconnection from society and a feeling of not belonging resulting from weakened social cohesion. Anomie occurs during periods of serious social, economic, or political upheaval, which result in quick and extreme changes to society and everyday life. In such circumstances, a person might feel so confused and disconnected that they choose to commit suicide.​Altruistic suicide is often a result of excessive regulation of individuals by social forces such that a person may be moved to kill themselves for the benefit of a cause or for society at large. An example is someone who commits suicide for the sake of a religious or political cause, such as the infamous Japanese Kamikaze pilots of World War II, or the hijackers that crashed the airplanes into the World Trade Center, the Pentagon, and a field in Pennsylvania in 2001. In such social circumstances, people are so strongly integrated into s ocial expectations and society itself that they will kill themselves in an effort to achieve collective goals. Egoistic suicide  is a profound response executed by people who feel totally detached from society. Ordinarily, people are integrated into society by work roles, ties to family and community, and other social bonds. When these bonds are weakened through retirement or loss of family and friends, the likelihood of egoistic suicide increases. Elderly people, who suffer these losses most profoundly, are highly susceptible to egoistic suicide.Fatalistic suicide  occurs under conditions of extreme social regulation resulting in oppressive conditions and a denial of the self and of agency. In such a situation a person may elect to die rather than continue enduring the oppressive conditions, such as the case of suicide among prisoners.

Continuation of media influence on adolescents Dissertation

Continuation of media influence on adolescents - Dissertation Example Although, both men and women read, viewed and heard various media content, women are maximally influenced by the content both in the physical sense as well as in the mental sense. That is, while men are merely excited, women strive to be just as flawless and perfect as projected in mass media by following lifestyle practices, which sometimes could border on negativity. (Sengupta and Dahl 2008). When one looks historically, when other electronic forms had not yet made an appearance, print magazines was the major media influence occupying the mind space of both men and women. However, as mentioned above, although males read the magazines, they were not maximally influenced by them to incorporate as part of their lifestyle, this was not the case with the females. In those times, women are mainly viewed (and the adolescent girls were prepared) as housewives or homemakers, whose primary duty is to take care of their husbands, children and the household. (Sengupta and Dahl 2008).So, the me dia content in mid part of the 20th century featured information as well as tips mainly regarding this lifestyle of women. Although, some magazines also featured content and tips on other extra-curricular activities that can be carried out by the women, it was only in minority. The basic point is, all forms of media content mainly reflect or write or broadcast what is happening in the real society about real people or specifically about real women at that particular time. Thus, mass media now or earlier reflected or featured women centric issues that was/is prevalent. However, certain issues are not time-bound and are visible now also. Quite importantly, apart from reflecting what is in the society, this media content will also influence the society. That is, like a chain reaction, the media content gets created from the society, and when the society starts to continuously read a ‘specific’ type of content, they will or if correctly said, majority of them will get influ enced, thereby creating norms or stereotypes. This will change the lifestyle of many. As more adolescent boys and especially girls read, view or hear the media content, they will/have started viewing them as the eye-opener for many of their lifestyle choices as well as panacea for all their problems. When they do this, they will avoid or even ignore any tips from their parents For the past few decades, sexuality has been used in the mass media as the main form of gaining the attention of its viewers particularly the target segment of adolescents or youths, often showing models in a physical appearance, which negatively influences the adolescents. These contents in the mass media often use the subject of sexuality to promote the product or other features by correlating the two. Sizable content in the mass media show women as a symbol of beauty and sexuality, impacting men and women in different ways. (Sengupta and Dahl 2008). So, this literature review focusing on the trends and the influencing role of the mass media, will first discuss about the 1950s and 1960s mass media mediums particularly magazines and its impact or influence on the lives of the female, comparing it with the magazines of today. As part of the comparison, the review will also focus on how these mass media content took the ‘informational adviser’ tag, and gave a lot of tips to the adolescents, who sometimes preferred these media content over their parents. Media’

Heat Emergency Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Heat Emergency Plan - Essay Example Many heat - wave plans for several communities from around the world have already been developed and these have been included in the bibliography for this report. 1 2 3 A heat - wave response plan is often a plan under a health emergency disaster plan and such a plan places an emphasis on helping people to protect themselves by seeking a cooler environment, with high quality medical assistance being extended to the community, especially the elderly. Although the precise procedures for presenting an alert warning about an impending heat - wave vary from country to country, France serves as a good example because of its experience with a recent devastating heat - wave. The biometrological advisory system in France presents a first forecast announcement to health professionals and civil service as well as social correspondents 4 to 7 days before the event. A further warning forecast is issued to professionals, the media and the public 1 – 3 days before the event and this is followed by a four – color biometrological advisory to the public one day before the event. The colors green, yellow, orange and red point to the intensity of the danger that can be associated with an impending event, including a heat - wave. 4 Thus, it is possible to predict a heat - wave emergency and to plan for recovery and response. Older people are often more seriously affected by heat - waves because they have lost the resilience to cope with extremes of temperature. The plan tries to provide a well coordinated response by public agencies to the heat wave and the agencies that are likely to be involved include hospitals and health services, education, Police, Fire Services and the Wildlife Service. The heat - wave plan is activated once an extreme weather event is certain and the authority to do this often rests with the Medical Controller or an equivalent office for a region. 5 Advising people

Context of care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Context of care - Essay Example According to the Institute of Medicine (2001, p. 1), quality â€Å"is the degree to which health services for individuals and populations increase the likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge.† Buttel l et.al (2007, p. 62) further expanded on the definition of quality developed by the Institute of Medicine and arrived at â€Å"quality consists of the degree of desired health outcomes (quality principles), are consistent with current professional knowledge (professional practitioner skill), and meet the expectations of health users (the marketplace).† In this regard, the public has continued to become more and more aware of the role of quality in health care and even though the definition continues to remain the same, the level of quality awareness has significantly changed (Buttel l et.al (2007, p.62-63). Quality in a healthcare setting is therefore vital for the patient’s experience. In the recent past, the health outcomes for children and young people in the UK have been observed to be poor and many people around the world have attributed this to failures of care (Clements, 2013, p5). Fuller (2011, p. 4-6) observed that despite the major improvements achieved in reduction in the number of teenagers and involved in smoking and early pregnancies and prominent areas of special care, the deaths of children and young people of below 14 years in UK is larger than any other European country in both in Western and Northern Europe. Cheung (2012, p. 12) indicated that within the European healthcare setting, there are enormous and unexplained variations in almost all of healthcare aspects related to children and young people. In this case, the UK has been observed to be worse in children and young people care than all the other European nations and leading in aspects of childhood accidents, infant mortality,

Revitalizing Health and Safety and its effect on the Construction Essay

Revitalizing Health and Safety and its effect on the Construction Industry - Essay Example In order to carry out this study whether there exists a need to change the law already in place, a committee was formed and the people resorted to getting answers on various topics from willing respondents. All these inputs were taken and the same was assimilated and analyzed to give below the results. Health and Safety is looked at as a part of the work and many people seem to lack awareness of H&S. This is happening because H&S is more an employer's obligation to fit into the governmental regulation rather than looked at as a means to achieve better and safer productive levels. While the law looked at providing norms that the employers need to adopt to ensure the safety and health of their employees, it was not proactive to the lacunae that existed in the system. The work place has under gone considerable change and so has the working methodology. From a more manufacturing oriented environment we have moved a service oriented environment. Now, it was widely felt by the members of the public and the others that the following points also need to be considered while bringing in new impetus to the Health and Safety at Work Place. The construction industry is having a high rate of accident resulting in both fatal and serious injuries. Though the Construction Design and Management Regulations have brought in a design consideration that would imbibe

I have five different papers that I need to have written. Disciplines Essay

I have five different papers that I need to have written. Disciplines should be in Mathematical methods in introductory algebra,geometry,business math word problems,and business statistics - Essay Example That is, the next 10 feet will cost $125; the next 10 feet will cost $150, etc. How much will it cost to build a 90-foot tower? The labor cost for construction of the tower is $100 for the first 10 feet. After that, each new invoice is $25 more than the previous one. Hence the invoice numbers look like this: 100, 125, 150, 175 and so on. There is a constant difference of 25 between two successive terms which tells us this is an arithmetic sequence. In other words, each year the existing balance is multiplied by 1.05. Hence 1.05 is the common ratio and every term of the sequence is found by multiplying the previous term with this common ratio. This means we have a geometric sequence at hand. We have learnt that the increments by a constant number give arithmetic sequence. This is the reason why we chose arithmetic sequence to solve Exercise 35 as the labor cost was increasing by a constant number 25 in that case. Similarly a constant ratio between successive terms gives geometric sequence. Exercise 37 had a constant ratio of 1.05 between successive balances each year in the savings account. Hence we used the geometric sequence formula to calculate our final balance. We can use arithmetic sequences to calculate the average performance of a data set of like say the average marks of a class as the data is distributed evenly around the median. Geometric sequences can be used to capture the growth of the data set like the growth in the returns of a mutual fund, equity,

Film Pitch Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Film Pitch - Essay Example Australian Aborigines migrated from somewhere in Asia at least 30,000 years ago. Though they comprise 500–600 distinct groups, aboriginal people possess some unifying links. Among these are strong spiritual beliefs that tie them to the land such as a tribal culture of storytelling and art and like other indigenous populations, a difficult colonial history. (infoplease.com ). Aboriginal people are the Indigenous people of Australia. â€Å"Aboriginal people, their traditional cultures and lands lie on the mainland and most of the islands, including Tasmania, Fraser Island, Palm Island, Mornington Island, Groote Eylandt, Bathrust and Melville Islands.† (ikkeweer.net ) The story will be set on the indigenous land with a tribe that is currently functioning with the old belief systems. The story will follow a family in this tribe and the different functions which they have to move through to stay on the land. The story will show how the family survives, what the traditions an d rituals are and how the indigenous family has preserved the culture through time. It will then switch to showing the modern world and how the tribes either fit into or are marginalized out of mainstream society. The film will provide insights into the indigenous tribes functioning in mainstream society, combined with interviews of the majority population and what is known about the Aborigines. The setting will begin in Queensland with the focus on the Guugu Yimithirr. The focus on this tribe shows the movement into colonization because they were taken over in 1770 by James Cook and were expected to integrate into society. The ending will show the state of this group now and how the indigenous peoples have remained in the outback and outside of society. Cast and Key Crew: Since this is a documentary, the cast and key crew will be determined while filming. An anonymous family will be chosen for the shooting, specifically to show the highlights of their lives and what occurs in terms of culture, ritual and daily living. An anonymous group of people in Queensland will also be found to show the ideals of the indigenous. A narrator will be used for the historical details of the indigenous before James Cook and to show the realistic ideal of what happened to this specific tribe in 1770. Rationale for Making: The culture of Australia is one which is rich and diverse in many who have migrated to Australia, as well as others who have been on the land for centuries. This has led to marginalized groups that are often overlooked with the melting pot of Australia. Little attention is given not only to the minority groups and the way in which they function within society. There is also little to no examination of the history of Australia and the roots where it has come from. This particular documentary will display the changes which have occurred in society and will allow every Australian to reexamine their heritage, culture and nationalistic identity. More important, ther e will be a distinguished understanding of what happened in colonialization and to the present time to change the indigenous tribes of the land from a majority population and into one that is known to stay in the outback and live as a minority and marginalized group (May, 1994). Not only is this particular aspect important to examine for Australians, but it will also tap into a voice that is now rising in Australia. This will help to support what many are thinking within society, specifically which is

I have five different papers that I need to have written. Disciplines Essay

I have five different papers that I need to have written. Disciplines should be in Mathematical methods in introductory algebra,geometry,business math word problems,and business statistics - Essay Example That is, the next 10 feet will cost $125; the next 10 feet will cost $150, etc. How much will it cost to build a 90-foot tower? The labor cost for construction of the tower is $100 for the first 10 feet. After that, each new invoice is $25 more than the previous one. Hence the invoice numbers look like this: 100, 125, 150, 175 and so on. There is a constant difference of 25 between two successive terms which tells us this is an arithmetic sequence. In other words, each year the existing balance is multiplied by 1.05. Hence 1.05 is the common ratio and every term of the sequence is found by multiplying the previous term with this common ratio. This means we have a geometric sequence at hand. We have learnt that the increments by a constant number give arithmetic sequence. This is the reason why we chose arithmetic sequence to solve Exercise 35 as the labor cost was increasing by a constant number 25 in that case. Similarly a constant ratio between successive terms gives geometric sequence. Exercise 37 had a constant ratio of 1.05 between successive balances each year in the savings account. Hence we used the geometric sequence formula to calculate our final balance. We can use arithmetic sequences to calculate the average performance of a data set of like say the average marks of a class as the data is distributed evenly around the median. Geometric sequences can be used to capture the growth of the data set like the growth in the returns of a mutual fund, equity,

Ecotourism in Zanzibar and Kenya Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ecotourism in Zanzibar and Kenya - Essay Example Ecotourism has been argued to play vital roles in salvaging some of the world’s endangered ecosystem. Proponents of the concept also believe that it provides a platform through which state or society can develop or adopt sustainable economic strategies so as to safeguard biological resources. It is worrying to point out the fact that most communities that own biological resources have been pursuing environmentally-damaging strategies. Ideally, ecotourism is helpful in finding a compromise between preserving the natural environment and pursuing development. Even though some countries have successful implemented this concept, others still face a great deal of challenges. Zanzibar and Kenya are some of the few African countries that have successfully implemented ecotourism concept. This essay compares and contrasts some of the ecotourism practices that have been implemented in Zanzibar and Kenya (Honey, 1999). Similarities Creation of the Independent Ecotourism Society (TIES) In both Zanzibar and Kenya, The International Ecotourism Society (TIES) was formed purposely to get a tourism that is friendly to the natural environment and culture of a country. In both countries, the body has employed people who travel from one natural area to another to ascertain the nature of tourism that would conserve the environment and improves well-being of the people (Honey, 1999). The body has been working hard to change the perceptions of the tourists, create environmental awareness and explore natural environments. The independent body is constantly working a vast number of collaborators and supporters. In both countries, the body has attracted members from diverse cultural backgrounds. They draw knowledge from these members and utilize them as channels for spreading information about ecotourism. Ecotourism’s conservation efforts and strategies (Visitors’ attitudes and feedback) In Zanzibar and Kenya, visitors’ attitudes and feedback on ecotourism in the country is taken seriously as it is incorporated into ecotourism management tourism. The information provided by visitors helps in predicting the consequences of actions on the ecotourism experience. It is crucial for any country to take into account satisfaction of tourists and ecological-well being (Honey, 1999). The two countries have been monitoring and assessing the conditions and situations of the sites commonly visited by tourists, and this has helped in the creation and protection of recreational resources for visitors. In addition, this has aid the provision of appropriate recreational experiences. Ideally, the two countries have been using visitor perceptions of the potential effects of tourists to ascertain indicators of monitoring environmental conditions. For example, Kenyan government, through the Ministry of Tourism and Natural Resources, has been utilizing data on visitors experience about the environmental impacts in Maasaai Mara and Amboseli (Honey, 1999). Main streaming sustainable tourism principles in states policies and programs In the 1980s, tourism sector in Kenya and Zanzibar was completely unplanned. Both governments were weak in their tourist planning and regulation. In addition, they were not even able to implement some of its ecotourism projects. However, this situation changed rapidly in towards the end of 20th century. In Zanzibar, the International Workshop on Ecotourism and Environmental Conservation of 1994 was a turning point of the Zanzibar’s tourism industry. Since then, Zanzibar has mainstreamed its tourist policies and programs to integrate the policy makers to ecotourism programs. This is also happening in Kenya. This practice is implemented using ecotourism workshops and study trips (Honey, 1999). Role of NGOS and

IPSec Tunnel and transport Modes Essay Example for Free

IPSec Tunnel and transport Modes Essay Computer networking security is one of the primary concerns of any network systems. In this case, protecting the data transferred between channels should be a primary concern for any entities that use networking. This article will discuss IPSec Tunnel and Transport Modes. IPsec is short for Internet Protocol Security. This is a special suite to secure the Internet protocol data transfers and communication by encrypting each packet of data stream. IPsec may also include protocols so that mutual authentication can be established between any agents during sessions of data transfers. One of the main reasons why IPsec is used is to protect the integrity of data that flows from one channel to another, say for example between a computer and a user or a computer to a server. What is IPSec transport mode? In this mode, only the payload or the data that the user transfers is encrypted for authentication (Technet Microsoft, 2005). The routing of data in this mode is intact so there is no modification possible. The transport schemes are always secured by a hash. Transport mode is commonly utilized for host-to-host transfers and communications. On the other hand, with the IPsec tunnel mode, the whole of the IP packet is encrypted and authenticated before communications happen (Technet Microsoft, 2005). It is encased into a newly generated IP packet with a new header. Usually, tunnel more is used to build a Virtual Private Network for such a network to network communications or host to network communications. The tunnel mode can be applied to any of the following: Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2003 R2, Windows Server 2003 with SP1, Windows Server 2003 with SP2 (Technet Microsoft, 2005).

Population Growth Causes Poverty :: Expository Cause Effect Essays

Everywhere in the world, in every kind of culture, the poorest people have the most children. Does having many children make people poor? Or does being poor make people have many children? That is a hot question in the continuous struggle over how to spend foreign aid money. Those who think population growth causes poverty advocate programs in family planning and population education. Those who think poverty causes population growth favor direct economic aid, jobs, capital investment. Take care of development, they say, and the birth rate will take care of itself. Advocates of both sides have come to the village of Manupur in the province of Punjab in north India to prove themselves right. There is nothing special about Manupur. It is a typical Indian village, with a population in 1950 of about 1200, mostly farmers. Its people are not well off, though their lives are slowly improving. New seeds, fertilizers, and credit systems have caused wheat yields to quadruple since 1950. In 1953 a team from the Harvard School of Public Health came to Manupur to try out one of the world's first family planning programs. They visited all homes regularly, took a census, registered all births and deaths. They also instructed people about modern methods of birth control and handed out free contraceptives. The Harvard team expected that the birth rate would fall. The Punjabis were rural, poor and uneducated. They had an average of seven children per family. Many young people migrated to the city to find jobs; the ones who stayed inherited smaller and smaller plots of land. Surely if families knew how to prevent having so many children, they would have fewer. The people of Manupur politely accepted the contraceptive foams and jellies. At the beginning of the Harvard study their birth rate was about 40 babies per 1000 people per year. Six years later the birth rate had gone down a little, to 37.7. But the birth rate had also gone down all over the Punjab, even where there were no family planning programs. The Harvard researchers concluded that the villagers were not so ignorant after all. Family size had always been controlled with crude methods such as abstinence and self-induced abortion. Increasing prosperity caused people to want smaller families, because there was less need for children to work in the fields or support parents in their old age. Once that happened, birth rates went down. Modern contraceptives helped them go down more easily and quickly.

American Democracy Essay -- Government Politics US Essays Political Sc

American Democracy The American democracy is one of the most peaceful kinds of government in the world although it is a long way from utopia. The democracy in which we live has many strengths and weaknesses. Neither strengths or weaknesses out weigh one another, but it is necessary to have both due to the varying definitions. A democracy is a government that is run by the people. The politicians that we elect to run our government are human and they are susceptible to mistakes based on their own strengths and weaknesses. The strengths and weaknesses they possess are reflected into our government but at least â€Å"we the people† elect them and they are not chosen for us. We live in a representative democracy that means â€Å"we the people† are given the right to elect those who represent our beliefs and values. The political campaigns of the politicians allows us the freedom of who to elect by selling us their views on how they feel our government should function. Many of the campaigns seem to dispute the candidate running against the other(s) but it normally ties into what they believe is wrong. Sometimes a candidate's campaign will run according to one of the candidates mistakes that they have made in office or in life. The candidate may then promise they would never make a mistake of that sort. The campaigns now days tend to be more on the negative side but negativity sells in this country. While positive campaigns reflect more on the positive goals of the campaignee it ...

Off Premise Laundry

TOPIC: OFF PREMISE LAUNDRY OFF PREMISE LAUNDRY * OPL MEANS LAUNDRY WHICH IS NOT PRESENT INSIDE THE HOTEL PREMISES. * THESE CATERS TO HOTELS ON A CONTRACT BASIS. * THEY CHARGE RATE ACCORDING TO THE TYPES OF LINEN / ARTICLE. * THEY CATERS TO MAINLY THOSE HOTELS WHERE SOMETIMES GUEST FLOW IS VERY LOW AND SOME RESORTS AND SEASONAL HOTELS ARE INCLUDE IN THIS. * MANY HOTELEIARS DOESNOT WANT TO INVEST A HUGE AMOUNT ON LAUNDRY SETUP SO THEY GO WITH OPL SERVICES. DEMERITS OF OPL * LESS CONTROL OVER STANDARDS AND QUALITY OF WASHING AND DRYCLEANING. * DELIVERY AND COLLECTION DELAYS. HIGHER PAR STOCK IS REQUIRED. * EXTRA COST FOR SPECIAL TREATMENTS. * LOSS OR DAMAGE OF ARTICLES IS HIGH. ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA FOR GUEST * Customer laundry is handled appropriately in accordance with establishment requirements. Communication maintained with providers of off-premises laundry services ensures clear understanding of establishment requirements * Customer laundry is returned to the customer c lean, dry, complete, and in condition specified by customer in a timely manner in accordance with establishment requirements. Range: condition – folded, pressed, dry-cleaned, laundered. * Customers are charged for laundry in accordance with establishment requirements . MAINTENANCE OF OPL FOR HOTELS * Establishment laundry is handled appropriately in accordance with establishment requirements. * Range: laundry – linen, bedding, towelling, staff uniforms, soft furnishings. * Documentation and recording processes for establishment laundry are maintained in accordance with establishment requirements. Storage area for customer and establishment laundry is kept free from infestation any signs of infestation are reported in accordance with establishment requirements. * Establishment laundry is checked to ensure it is clean, dry, complete and in condition specified on return, in a timely manner, in accordance with establishment requirements. CONCLUSION * A COMMERICIAL OR OFF-P REMISE LAUNDRY REFERS TOLAUNDRING ACTIVITIES PREFORMED OUTSIDE THE ESTABLISHMENTS. * THESE ARE GIVEN TO THE PERSON WHO IS SPECIALIZED IN THIS FIELD.

Develop Systems Essay

Unit 501 – use and develop systems that promote communication Learning outcome 1. Be able to address the range of communication requirements in own role. 1.1 Review the range of groups and individuals whose communication needs must be addressed in own job role. Individuals who have communication problems need support to enable them to express themselves effectively. Therefore it is vitally important in a managerial or senior role to both be aware of the individuals preferred method of communication and also to support this method effectively. Communication is a basic human right highlighted in the human rights act 1998 where it states that all individuals have the right to ‘freedom of expression’ therefore it is each person’s right to communicate their needs and preferences using their chosen method. If an individual were unable to communicate effectively or were denied the support to do so then they would essentially be denied their freedom of expression and would be withholding a basic human need and right. In residential child care there are a number of groups of people which communication may present challenges. Although they are presented as groups for the purpose of this learning outcome, each person should be treated as an individual and their communication needs assessed and addressed accordingly. As communication is a reciprocal process around 80% of communication is non-verbal which includes facial expression, posture and eye contact as well as the spoken word. Read more:  Use and Develop Systems That Promote Communication Essay Autism Individuals with autism have communication disorders which can make it difficult to communicate and interact with their environment. For example echolalia, which is repeating words spoken to them without knowing or understanding them, using phrases out of context and misreading others non-verbal cues. Also, lack of eye contact and limited ability to initiate and sustain interactions due to a limited concentration span. Learning disabilities A vast percentage of individuals with a learning disability have some form of specific communication need and can be affected on a scale from mild to severe. Emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBD) People who have EBD may not present with any noticeable communication difficulties per se but certain tones, volume or non-verbal actions may act as a barrier to communication and should be noted as a particular action could act as a trigger and potentially cause emotional distress. 1.2 Explain how to support effective communication within own job role In a managerial or senior role it is imperative to support and promote effective communication within the workplace both with the service users and the staff. This is established through firstly assessing the needs and then providing the appropriate support which would meet those needs and overcome any potential barriers to effective communication, thus promoting the individuals rights to freedom of expression. Before one can offer support an assessment would be made regarding their preference and choice and their baseline by observing the ways in which the individual communicates and the methods used. Everyone involved in the individuals care is made aware of the individual’s baseline and needs and preferences regarding communication and any changes are recognised during reviews and team meetings to ensure the individual’s needs are met. Key people involved with the individual may need to work using a joined up process to access information and support to ensure you get the best out of an individual’s communication abilities. These would include family, friends, therapists, school staff as well as the care and management staff. Effective communication improves the quality of life of people. It is essential that every effort is made to enhance communication, make time to listen and to understand empathically the individual’s perspective. To ensure this is adopted and promoted on an organisational level, adequate training and supervision must be undertaken. From an individual level, positive role modelling and an open culture are to be used to enable effective communication and minimise potential barriers. 1.3 Analyse the barriers and challenges to communication within own job role Communication is a fundamental relationship building skill in the workplace. If people don’t communicate well they limit their ability to connect on any meaningful level and therefore potentially cause conflict. Also with a senior or managerial role in the workplace people will have expectations of how they should communicate with others. The general social care council’s code of practice states that communications should be conducted in an appropriate, open, accurate and s traightforward way. By  communicating in this way others will have trust and confidence in you and your abilities. Workplace relationships become a lot stronger when people can clearly and effectively communicate what they need and allow others to do the same. There are many potential barriers to effective communication. Anything which blocks the meaning of a communication is a barrier and they are as follows: Language difference – this could be the choice of words used such as professional jargon or a report or explanation which is worded in a way in which the meaning is lost. Physical barriers – these are due to the physical environment such as noise level or distraction, inappropriate temperature, inappropriate lighting or also your positioning while communicating for example standing too close and invading personal space. Equally, positioned too far away would also act as a barrier. Psychological barriers – personal problems or issues can lead to a lack of concentration or engagement. Stereotyping – when on individual had a preconception about another individual, it makes it difficult for one to view the others communication without prejudice. 1.4 Implement a strategy to overcome communication barriers Regarding the young people I work with it was deemed appropriate to promote an effective communication platform for them to share their views and opinions on the running of the home, any changes they would like to make and to play an active role in planning the week ahead. This meeting agenda was a direct result of poor engagement from the young people and therefore not fully embracing their own personal preferences and choice in their lives. The new agenda format gives the young people the opportunity to have significant input via an informal platform as the formal approach was seen as a significant barrier to participation in the past. Also the opportunity to confidentially highlight concerns through their own personal agenda (placed in their draw each Monday morning) breaks down the physical barrier of having to raise it amongst their peers without feeling embarrassment or uncomfortable. While engaging in this meeting it is the responsibility of the staff to ensure the lighting is of an adequate level and the temperature is comfortable. More importantly it is their responsibility to ensure the young people have their say and open and honest communication is adopted and supported in an appropriate manor. 1.5 Use different means of communication  to meet different needs There are many different means of communication which may include one or more of the following: Verbal – communication is a two way process and it is important when communicating to listen as well as speak. In a senior or managerial role it is vitally important to adapt communications depending on who you are communicating with. For example you would communicate differently with a service user, a psychologist and a member of care staff. These would differ in the formality of the conversation and in the language or professional terminology used. Non – verbal – more than 90% of what we communicate is through non-verbal communication. This is demonstrated through our body language – our posture, how we stand, hand movements, facial expression and eye contact. Body language plays such an important role in communicating effectively as things like smiling and nodding seem like insignificant gestures but in reality they play such an important role in communicating by highlighting the interest in what is being said. Sign – this is commonly the use of sign and symbols. It requires training to effectively communicate with the intended audience. BSL is the use of signs and symbols as a communication aid to those with hearing loss. Makaton is used as an aid to support speech but not to replace it.

Harrison Bergeron Essay

Kurt Vonnegut’s fictional society adopted the theories of Social Contract and Social Justice to establish a new social and legal order. The people amended the constitution to attain equality for all. With the amendments, they created laws to make a uniform citizenry out of their people and in the process stripped them of their individuality. These laws were also intended to make them think and act alike which was their idea of equality. As to who is benefited from such extreme version of social control depends on whose viewpoint it was coming from. Despite their unrestricted freedoms no one was ultimately benefited in this kind of system. It was no guarantee of peace and absolute control, as in the case of Harrison. His physical and mental states were no match for the handicaps. Once both powers were unleashed and unrestrained what resulted was a blending and coordination that produced a beautiful symphony of dance and music. It was symbolical of the good things that can happen or that can be achieved if we let our natural gifts, talents and skills work for the common good. There can be unity in diversity and peaceful co-existence may be possible. In a controlled society as this fictional one, there were no norms, values, and culture that may identify them. For norms, values and culture were what will set them apart. This was a robotic society where the norms were that which are forced upon them because of the handicaps some were made to wear. Acceptable norms were absent because the standard (equality) was built into the system. In effect one had a common standard to follow in which to comport oneself, no less and no better that the others. There was only one value that stood, no one was above the other in appearance and in the treatment he gave and he got. Culture should define who and what this society was, but what would make it truly unique? There was nothing neither appealing nor interesting in it because everything went against the natural ways of man. People followed rules not out of their volition. How were they to know the good was turning bad, and worse was turning worst, if something in their brains signaled a censure. This restraint was basically against their good and benefit, but they had no choice but to obey what was programmed in their system. Once, this was a society that had reached the extreme end of the balance with their all-out freedoms and unchecked rights of individuals. The situation had reached unmanageable proportion that they had to resort to dramatic crisis control which brought them to the other extreme end by way of the encroachment on their rights and freedoms. This society took not only the people’s freedoms but their right senses as well. In what they figure to be the correct moves to effect change, their agitation towards a freak of nature was alarming, like when â€Å"some things about living weren’t quite right †¦ April not being Springtime† (Vonnegut, 1961). Law and society have interchangeable attributes. Law may change a society and society may change the law. In the case of Harrison Bergeron, society had made 3 amendments to their constitution out of desire for and necessity to change. They wanted to regulate and curb freedoms to a comfortable magnitude. The change in the law made this society a strictly tempered one. Lawyers and the legal system do not have a place in this society anymore. The Handicapper General proceeded to punish without trial law breakers. The only crime that can be committed was taking one’s handicaps off and that did not need investigation and defense. The crime and the criminal are self-evident. The fictional society does not have any direct similarities in today’s time. However, the inference to the curtailment of freedoms is plenty. When a society does not allow an artist to express his heart in his art, the Harrison Bergerons to criticize the government which should be for, by and of the people, and ease the fear of ordinary citizens, they are the translations of Vonnegut’s transgressions of freedoms in his fictional society. Instead of seeking for equality in the extreme, working with diversity might be the better option.